Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that disrupts the production of neurotransmitters, including dopamine and serotonin. That leads to severe developmental delays, weak muscle tone, and other complex challenges that are hard to imagine unless you’ve lived through them. For families like…
The Journey of Beautiful Destinations — Richard E. Poulin III

Richard E. Poulin III is an American currently working as Head of Middle School for an international school in Bangkok, Thailand. He is also the president of the nonprofit organization Teach RARE. In 2018 his newborn daughter, Rylae-Ann, was diagnosed with the ultra-rare disease, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Richard shares his journey and aims to provide caregivers with strategies and tips to improve their family’s journey.
I stood in front of a room full of middle school students on Feb. 27, the day before Rare Disease Day, and asked a simple question: “How many of you think you have ever met someone with a rare disease?” A few hands slowly went up. Most did not. Those…

As my wife, Judy, and I drove through the streets of Taipei on a recent trip to celebrate the journey of the gene therapy Upstaza (eladocagene exuparvovec) in Taiwan, we passed an apartment building I hadn’t thought about in years. A flood of memories came rushing back.
In December 2018, my wife, Judy, and I embarked on a journey from Singapore to Taiwan, driven by nothing more than a hunch that our daughter, Rylae-Ann, might have a rare disease. At that point, she was only a baby, showing signs of struggle that no one could explain. It…
When we discovered our daughter, Rylae-Ann, was born with the rare disease aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency, our lives underwent a complete transformation. Every decision we made, from the smallest daily task to the larger choices about her care, was centered around helping her progress. We…
Mornings in our house are always a bit like a relay race — with the occasional baton drop. Last week, as my wife, Judy, and I were preparing for our day as educators — the final leg of this “parental marathon” being getting our daughter, Rylae-Ann, ready…
My wife, Judy, and I have spent our careers teaching at bilingual schools, where the curriculum is delivered in at least two languages and all students are expected to learn in both of them. We’ve always believed in the cognitive benefits of bilingualism, such as enhanced problem-solving, creativity, and improved…
Our daughter, Rylae-Ann, has journeyed from fighting for her life to living out a childhood dream. While she still faces some challenges, they pale in comparison to the battles she once fought. Nearly five years have passed since she received gene therapy to treat her rare neurotransmitter…
Social media is an extraordinary tool, especially for families affected by rare diseases who are scattered across the globe. Without it, many of us would never have found each other. These online connections have prompted me to reflect on our family’s journey and consider how our experiences might offer valuable…
Our daughter, Rylae-Ann, lost her first tooth not too long ago, and boy was it an event. She’d been wiggling that thing for days, proudly announcing to anyone who would listen that her tooth was loose. While she was initially worried about it, we quickly reassured her that it was…
As the summer days grew shorter and the start of first grade loomed closer, we found ourselves reflecting on the journey that had brought us to this moment. My wife, Judy, and I remembered the days before our daughter, Rylae-Ann, was diagnosed with aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency,…
After an enlightening experience at the mall — where my wife, Judy, and I witnessed the calming influence that dogs had on our 6-year-old daughter, Rylae-Ann — we found ourselves reconsidering the benefits of adding to our family. Judy and I knew we had to explore this option further…
Once again, my family took a summer trip to Taipei, Taiwan, to contribute data to a clinical trial. Our daughter, Rylae-Ann, is participating in a study of the long-term efficacy of a treatment for aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency. Our previous trip last summer provided…
Recent Posts
- FDA unveils plan to speed personalized treatments for ultra-rare diseases
- Learning about rare disease through education and by sharing our own story
- Access to care for rare diseases still varies by state: NORD report card
- A long day of play reminds us why a child’s sleep schedule is important
- Digital clinical measures launched to support rare pediatric disease trials